WebSocket++  0.8.1
C++ websocket client/server library
tls.hpp
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2015, Peter Thorson. All rights reserved.
3  *
4  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
5  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
6  * * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
7  * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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14  *
15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
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26  */
27 
28 #ifndef WEBSOCKETPP_TRANSPORT_SECURITY_TLS_HPP
29 #define WEBSOCKETPP_TRANSPORT_SECURITY_TLS_HPP
30 
31 #include <websocketpp/transport/asio/security/base.hpp>
32 
33 #include <websocketpp/uri.hpp>
34 
35 #include <websocketpp/common/asio_ssl.hpp>
36 #include <websocketpp/common/asio.hpp>
37 #include <websocketpp/common/connection_hdl.hpp>
38 #include <websocketpp/common/functional.hpp>
39 #include <websocketpp/common/memory.hpp>
40 
41 #include <sstream>
42 #include <string>
43 
44 namespace websocketpp {
45 namespace transport {
46 namespace asio {
47 /// A socket policy for the asio transport that implements a TLS encrypted
48 /// socket by wrapping with an asio::ssl::stream
49 namespace tls_socket {
50 
51 /// The signature of the socket_init_handler for this socket policy
52 typedef lib::function<void(connection_hdl,lib::asio::ssl::stream<
53  lib::asio::ip::tcp::socket>&)> socket_init_handler;
54 /// The signature of the tls_init_handler for this socket policy
55 typedef lib::function<lib::shared_ptr<lib::asio::ssl::context>(connection_hdl)>
56  tls_init_handler;
57 
58 /// TLS enabled Asio connection socket component
59 /**
60  * transport::asio::tls_socket::connection implements a secure connection socket
61  * component that uses Asio's ssl::stream to wrap an ip::tcp::socket.
62  */
63 class connection : public lib::enable_shared_from_this<connection> {
64 public:
65  /// Type of this connection socket component
66  typedef connection type;
67  /// Type of a shared pointer to this connection socket component
68  typedef lib::shared_ptr<type> ptr;
69 
70  /// Type of the ASIO socket being used
71  typedef lib::asio::ssl::stream<lib::asio::ip::tcp::socket> socket_type;
72  /// Type of a shared pointer to the ASIO socket being used
73  typedef lib::shared_ptr<socket_type> socket_ptr;
74  /// Type of a pointer to the ASIO io_service being used
75  typedef lib::asio::io_service * io_service_ptr;
76  /// Type of a pointer to the ASIO io_service strand being used
77  typedef lib::shared_ptr<lib::asio::io_service::strand> strand_ptr;
78  /// Type of a shared pointer to the ASIO TLS context being used
79  typedef lib::shared_ptr<lib::asio::ssl::context> context_ptr;
80 
81  explicit connection() {
82  //std::cout << "transport::asio::tls_socket::connection constructor"
83  // << std::endl;
84  }
85 
86  /// Get a shared pointer to this component
87  ptr get_shared() {
88  return shared_from_this();
89  }
90 
91  /// Check whether or not this connection is secure
92  /**
93  * @return Whether or not this connection is secure
94  */
95  bool is_secure() const {
96  return true;
97  }
98 
99  /// Retrieve a pointer to the underlying socket
100  /**
101  * This is used internally. It can also be used to set socket options, etc
102  */
103  socket_type::lowest_layer_type & get_raw_socket() {
104  return m_socket->lowest_layer();
105  }
106 
107  /// Retrieve a pointer to the layer below the ssl stream
108  /**
109  * This is used internally.
110  */
111  socket_type::next_layer_type & get_next_layer() {
112  return m_socket->next_layer();
113  }
114 
115  /// Retrieve a pointer to the wrapped socket
116  /**
117  * This is used internally.
118  */
119  socket_type & get_socket() {
120  return *m_socket;
121  }
122 
123  /// Set the socket initialization handler
124  /**
125  * The socket initialization handler is called after the socket object is
126  * created but before it is used. This gives the application a chance to
127  * set any ASIO socket options it needs.
128  *
129  * @param h The new socket_init_handler
130  */
131  void set_socket_init_handler(socket_init_handler h) {
132  m_socket_init_handler = h;
133  }
134 
135  /// Set TLS init handler
136  /**
137  * The tls init handler is called when needed to request a TLS context for
138  * the library to use. A TLS init handler must be set and it must return a
139  * valid TLS context in order for this endpoint to be able to initialize
140  * TLS connections
141  *
142  * @param h The new tls_init_handler
143  */
144  void set_tls_init_handler(tls_init_handler h) {
145  m_tls_init_handler = h;
146  }
147 
148  /// Get the remote endpoint address
149  /**
150  * The iostream transport has no information about the ultimate remote
151  * endpoint. It will return the string "iostream transport". To indicate
152  * this.
153  *
154  * TODO: allow user settable remote endpoint addresses if this seems useful
155  *
156  * @return A string identifying the address of the remote endpoint
157  */
158  std::string get_remote_endpoint(lib::error_code & ec) const {
159  std::stringstream s;
160 
161  lib::asio::error_code aec;
162  lib::asio::ip::tcp::endpoint ep = m_socket->lowest_layer().remote_endpoint(aec);
163 
164  if (aec) {
165  ec = error::make_error_code(error::pass_through);
166  s << "Error getting remote endpoint: " << aec
167  << " (" << aec.message() << ")";
168  return s.str();
169  } else {
170  ec = lib::error_code();
171  s << ep;
172  return s.str();
173  }
174  }
175 protected:
176  /// Perform one time initializations
177  /**
178  * init_asio is called once immediately after construction to initialize
179  * Asio components to the io_service
180  *
181  * @param service A pointer to the endpoint's io_service
182  * @param strand A pointer to the connection's strand
183  * @param is_server Whether or not the endpoint is a server or not.
184  */
185  lib::error_code init_asio (io_service_ptr service, strand_ptr strand,
186  bool is_server)
187  {
188  if (!m_tls_init_handler) {
189  return socket::make_error_code(socket::error::missing_tls_init_handler);
190  }
191  m_context = m_tls_init_handler(m_hdl);
192 
193  if (!m_context) {
194  return socket::make_error_code(socket::error::invalid_tls_context);
195  }
196  m_socket = lib::make_shared<socket_type>(
197  _WEBSOCKETPP_REF(*service),lib::ref(*m_context));
198 
199  if (m_socket_init_handler) {
200  m_socket_init_handler(m_hdl, get_socket());
201  }
202 
203  m_io_service = service;
204  m_strand = strand;
205  m_is_server = is_server;
206 
207  return lib::error_code();
208  }
209 
210  /// Set hostname hook
211  /**
212  * Called by the transport as a connection is being established to provide
213  * the hostname being connected to to the security/socket layer.
214  *
215  * This socket policy uses the hostname to set the appropriate TLS SNI
216  * header.
217  *
218  * @since 0.6.0
219  *
220  * @param u The uri to set
221  */
222  void set_uri(uri_ptr u) {
223  m_uri = u;
224  }
225 
226  /// Pre-initialize security policy
227  /**
228  * Called by the transport after a new connection is created to initialize
229  * the socket component of the connection. This method is not allowed to
230  * write any bytes to the wire. This initialization happens before any
231  * proxies or other intermediate wrappers are negotiated.
232  *
233  * @param callback Handler to call back with completion information
234  */
235  void pre_init(init_handler callback) {
236  // TODO: is this the best way to check whether this function is
237  // available in the version of OpenSSL being used?
238  // TODO: consider case where host is an IP address
239 #if OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER >= 0x90812f
240  if (!m_is_server) {
241  // For clients on systems with a suitable OpenSSL version, set the
242  // TLS SNI hostname header so connecting to TLS servers using SNI
243  // will work.
244  long res = SSL_set_tlsext_host_name(
245  get_socket().native_handle(), m_uri->get_host().c_str());
246  if (!(1 == res)) {
247  callback(socket::make_error_code(socket::error::tls_failed_sni_hostname));
248  }
249  }
250 #endif
251 
252  callback(lib::error_code());
253  }
254 
255  /// Post-initialize security policy
256  /**
257  * Called by the transport after all intermediate proxies have been
258  * negotiated. This gives the security policy the chance to talk with the
259  * real remote endpoint for a bit before the websocket handshake.
260  *
261  * @param callback Handler to call back with completion information
262  */
263  void post_init(init_handler callback) {
264  m_ec = socket::make_error_code(socket::error::tls_handshake_timeout);
265 
266  // TLS handshake
267  if (m_strand) {
268  m_socket->async_handshake(
269  get_handshake_type(),
270  m_strand->wrap(lib::bind(
271  &type::handle_init, get_shared(),
272  callback,
273  lib::placeholders::_1
274  ))
275  );
276  } else {
277  m_socket->async_handshake(
278  get_handshake_type(),
279  lib::bind(
280  &type::handle_init, get_shared(),
281  callback,
282  lib::placeholders::_1
283  )
284  );
285  }
286  }
287 
288  /// Sets the connection handle
289  /**
290  * The connection handle is passed to any handlers to identify the
291  * connection
292  *
293  * @param hdl The new handle
294  */
295  void set_handle(connection_hdl hdl) {
296  m_hdl = hdl;
297  }
298 
299  void handle_init(init_handler callback,lib::asio::error_code const & ec) {
300  if (ec) {
301  m_ec = socket::make_error_code(socket::error::tls_handshake_failed);
302  } else {
303  m_ec = lib::error_code();
304  }
305 
306  callback(m_ec);
307  }
308 
309  lib::error_code get_ec() const {
310  return m_ec;
311  }
312 
313  /// Cancel all async operations on this socket
314  /**
315  * Attempts to cancel all async operations on this socket and reports any
316  * failures.
317  *
318  * NOTE: Windows XP and earlier do not support socket cancellation.
319  *
320  * @return The error that occurred, if any.
321  */
322  lib::asio::error_code cancel_socket() {
323  lib::asio::error_code ec;
324  get_raw_socket().cancel(ec);
325  return ec;
326  }
327 
328  void async_shutdown(socket::shutdown_handler callback) {
329  if (m_strand) {
330  m_socket->async_shutdown(m_strand->wrap(callback));
331  } else {
332  m_socket->async_shutdown(callback);
333  }
334  }
335 
336 public:
337  /// Translate any security policy specific information about an error code
338  /**
339  * Translate_ec takes an Asio error code and attempts to convert its value
340  * to an appropriate websocketpp error code. In the case that the Asio and
341  * Websocketpp error types are the same (such as using boost::asio and
342  * boost::system_error or using standalone asio and std::system_error the
343  * code will be passed through natively.
344  *
345  * In the case of a mismatch (boost::asio with std::system_error) a
346  * translated code will be returned. Any error that is determined to be
347  * related to TLS but does not have a more specific websocketpp error code
348  * is returned under the catch all error `tls_error`. Non-TLS related errors
349  * are returned as the transport generic error `pass_through`
350  *
351  * @since 0.3.0
352  *
353  * @param ec The error code to translate_ec
354  * @return The translated error code
355  */
356  template <typename ErrorCodeType>
357  static
358  lib::error_code translate_ec(ErrorCodeType ec) {
359  if (ec.category() == lib::asio::error::get_ssl_category()) {
360  // We know it is a TLS related error, but otherwise don't know more.
361  // Pass through as TLS generic.
362  return make_error_code(transport::error::tls_error);
363  } else {
364  // We don't know any more information about this error so pass
365  // through
366  return make_error_code(transport::error::pass_through);
367  }
368  }
369 
370  static
371  /// Overload of translate_ec to catch cases where lib::error_code is the
372  /// same type as lib::asio::error_code
373  lib::error_code translate_ec(lib::error_code ec) {
374  return ec;
375  }
376 private:
377  socket_type::handshake_type get_handshake_type() {
378  if (m_is_server) {
379  return lib::asio::ssl::stream_base::server;
380  } else {
381  return lib::asio::ssl::stream_base::client;
382  }
383  }
384 
385  io_service_ptr m_io_service;
386  strand_ptr m_strand;
387  context_ptr m_context;
388  socket_ptr m_socket;
389  uri_ptr m_uri;
390  bool m_is_server;
391 
392  lib::error_code m_ec;
393 
394  connection_hdl m_hdl;
395  socket_init_handler m_socket_init_handler;
396  tls_init_handler m_tls_init_handler;
397 };
398 
399 /// TLS enabled Asio endpoint socket component
400 /**
401  * transport::asio::tls_socket::endpoint implements a secure endpoint socket
402  * component that uses Asio's ssl::stream to wrap an ip::tcp::socket.
403  */
404 class endpoint {
405 public:
406  /// The type of this endpoint socket component
407  typedef endpoint type;
408 
409  /// The type of the corresponding connection socket component
410  typedef connection socket_con_type;
411  /// The type of a shared pointer to the corresponding connection socket
412  /// component.
413  typedef socket_con_type::ptr socket_con_ptr;
414 
415  explicit endpoint() {}
416 
417  /// Checks whether the endpoint creates secure connections
418  /**
419  * @return Whether or not the endpoint creates secure connections
420  */
421  bool is_secure() const {
422  return true;
423  }
424 
425  /// Set socket init handler
426  /**
427  * The socket init handler is called after a connection's socket is created
428  * but before it is used. This gives the end application an opportunity to
429  * set asio socket specific parameters.
430  *
431  * @param h The new socket_init_handler
432  */
433  void set_socket_init_handler(socket_init_handler h) {
434  m_socket_init_handler = h;
435  }
436 
437  /// Set TLS init handler
438  /**
439  * The tls init handler is called when needed to request a TLS context for
440  * the library to use. A TLS init handler must be set and it must return a
441  * valid TLS context in order for this endpoint to be able to initialize
442  * TLS connections
443  *
444  * @param h The new tls_init_handler
445  */
446  void set_tls_init_handler(tls_init_handler h) {
447  m_tls_init_handler = h;
448  }
449 protected:
450  /// Initialize a connection
451  /**
452  * Called by the transport after a new connection is created to initialize
453  * the socket component of the connection.
454  *
455  * @param scon Pointer to the socket component of the connection
456  *
457  * @return Error code (empty on success)
458  */
459  lib::error_code init(socket_con_ptr scon) {
460  scon->set_socket_init_handler(m_socket_init_handler);
461  scon->set_tls_init_handler(m_tls_init_handler);
462  return lib::error_code();
463  }
464 
465 private:
466  socket_init_handler m_socket_init_handler;
467  tls_init_handler m_tls_init_handler;
468 };
469 
470 } // namespace tls_socket
471 } // namespace asio
472 } // namespace transport
473 } // namespace websocketpp
474 
475 #endif // WEBSOCKETPP_TRANSPORT_SECURITY_TLS_HPP